مجله علوم آبزی پروری

مجله علوم آبزی پروری

بکارگیری مخلوط امولسیون نانو اسانس گیاهان آویشن (Thymus vulgaris)، سیر (Allium sativum) و پونه کوهی (Origanum vulgare) در تغذیه لارو ماهیان کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) و تأثیر آن بر پارامترهای رشد، ترشح ترکیبات متابولیکی و اتلاف انرژی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران.
چکیده
تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر امولسیون نانواسانس ترکیبی آویشن، پونه کوهی و سیر بر پارامترهای رشد، تغذیه، نرخ ترشح ترکیبات متابولیکی و اتلاف انرژی لاروهای کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) طی 56 روز طراحی و اجرا شد. برای انجام آزمایش تعداد ۳۶۰ قطعه لارو با وزن متوسط 0/37±2/43 گرم تهیه شد. لاروها پس از انتقال به محل انجام آزمایش و سازگاری یک هفته­ای به‌طور تصادفی در ۱۲ مخزن پلاستیکی با تراکم ۳۰ عدد لارو در هر مخزن معرفی شدند. لاروها در طول دوره اجرای تحقیق با جیره‌های مکمل‌سازی شده توسط 0 (شاهد)، 3/5، ۷ و ۱۴ میکرولیتر نانواسانس در هر گرم جیره غذایی تغذیه شدند. براساس نتایج به‌دست آمده بهترین شاخص‌های رشد و تغذیه (وزن نهایی، نرخ رشد ویژه، کارایی تبدیل رشد، نسبت‌های کارایی تغذیه‌ای و شاخص گاستروسوماتیک) در تیمار 7 میکرولیتر به‌دست آمد، در حالی‌که کمترین میزان غذای مصرفی، ترشح آمونیاک و اوره، و اتلاف انرژی مرتبط، عمدتاً در تیمارهای 3.5 و 14 میکرولیتر مشاهده شد (0/05>P). پس از حمل‌ و نقل، تیمار 7 میکرولیتر کاهش معنی­داری در ترشح متابولیت‌ها و اتلاف انرژی نشان داد (0/05>P). در مجموع براساس نتایج به‌دست آمده امولسیون نانواسانس گیاهی، به‌ویژه در دوز 7 میکرولیتر بر گرم خوراک، موجب بهبود شاخص‌های رشد و بهره‌وری تغذیه‌ای و همچنین کاهش استرس متابولیکی پس از حمل ‌و نقل در لاروهای کپور معمولی شد. بنابراین، استفاده از این ترکیب طبیعی می‌تواند روشی مؤثر در افزایش کارایی زیستی و پایداری در سیستم‌های پرورش ماهی باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Application of a nanoemulsion blend of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), garlic (Allium sativum), and oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oils in the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) larvae and its effects on growth performance, metabolic excretion, and energy loss

نویسندگان English

Zahra Kohestani
Hojatollah Jafaryan
Hossein Adineh
Zia Kordjazi
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
چکیده English

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a nanoemulsion containing a combination of thyme, oregano, and garlic essential oils on growth performance, nutritional indices, metabolic excretion rates, and energy loss in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) larvae over a 56-day period. A total of 360 larvae with an average weight of 2.43±0.37 g was randomly distributed into 12 plastic tanks (30 larvae per tank) after a one-week acclimation period. The larvae were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 3.5, 7, and 14 µL of nanoemulsion per gram of feed. The best growth and nutritional performance indicators—including final weight, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency, nutrient utilization ratios, and gastro-somatic index—were observed in the group receiving 7 µL/g of nanoemulsion. The lowest feed intake, ammonia and urea excretion, and associated energy loss were primarily found in the 3.5 and 14 µL/g treatment groups (P<0.05). Following a five-hour transport stress test, larvae in the 7 µL/g group showed a significant reduction in metabolite excretion and energy loss (P<0.05). Overall, the results suggest that the herbal nanoemulsion, particularly at a dose of 7 µL/g of feed, can enhance growth performance and feed efficiency while reducing metabolic stress following transport in common carp larvae. Thus, these natural additive holds promise as an effective strategy to improve biological efficiency and sustainability in aquaculture systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Medicinal plants
Nutritional efficiency
Growth parameters
Common carp
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