فایکوسیانین: ترکیب زیست‌فعال دریایی نوین، ساختار و روش‌های استخراج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 گروه بهداشت و ایمنی مواد غذایی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

اقیانوس‌ها و دریاها بیش از هفتاد درصد از مساحت کره زمین را به‌خود اختصاص داده­ اند. این زیستگاه ­ها محل حضور بسیاری از ماکرو و میکرو ارگانیسم ­هایی هستند که توانایی تولید ترکیبات مختلف زیست­ فعال با کاربردهای مختلف جهت رفع نیازهای بشر را دارند. بسیاری از رنگدانه ­ها به‌خصوص فایکوسیانین از جمله این ترکیبات زیست­ فعال قابل استحصال از ارگانیسم­ های آبزی هستند. فایکوسیانین پروتئینی از خانواده فیکوبیلی­ پروتئین­ ها است که رنگ آبی و خاصیت آنتی­ اکسیدانی از ویژگی‌های آ‌ن‌ها می­باشد. این پروتئین یکی از رنگدانه ­های اصلی سیانوباکتری­ ها و بسیاری از جلبک­ های دریایی از جمله جلبک ­های قرمز می ­باشد. خاصیت آنتی­ اکسیدانی این رنگدانه، آن را به گزینه ­­ای مناسب جهت استفاده به‌عنوان افزودنی غذایی تبدیل کرده است. علاوه بر این، فایکوسیانین استفاده گسترده ­ای در بخش­ هایی مانند صنایع آرایشی و بهداشتی و همچنین پزشکی دارد. برای استفاده از فیکوسیانین روش ­های مختلفی جهت استخراج آن وجود دارد که هرکدام دارای مزایا و معایبی می ­باشد. مطالعه حاضر سعی در معرفی و مرور فیکوسیانین و ساختار آن و همچنین روش­ های مختلف استخراج و تاثیر فاکتورهای دخیل در این فرآیند دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Phycocyanin: a novel marine bioactive compound, structure and extraction methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mehrdad Hasani-Azhdari 1
  • Zahra Hoseinabadi 2
  • Seyed Vali Hosseini 1
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Department of Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Oceans and seas cover more than 70% of the Earth. They are habitat to many micro and macro organisms those have the ability to produce different bioactive compounds with different applications for obviating human needs. Many pigments, especially phycocyanins, are among bioactive compounds could be extracted from aquatic organisms. Phycocyanin is a protein from the family of phycobiliproteins, which is characterized by its blue color and antioxidant properties. This protein is one of the main pigments in cyanobacteria and many seaweed, including red algae. The antioxidant properties of this pigment make it a good choice for using as a food additive. In addition, phycocyanin is widely used in many sectors such as cosmetics as well as medicine. There are several ways to extract phycocyanin, each of them has advantages and disadvantages. The present study tries to introduce and review phycocyanin and its structure as well as different extraction methods and the effect of factors on this process.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phacocyanin
  • Phacobiliprotein
  • Pigment
  • Marine bioactive compounds
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