Aquaculture Sciences

Aquaculture Sciences

The effect of formulated feed with different levels of bile acids on growth performance, survival, and digestive enzymes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Samira Mobaraki 1
Alireza Ghaedi 2
Vahid Yeganeh 1
Mohammad Mohammadi 3
Habib Sarsangi Aliabad 3
Mohammad Akhavan Bahabadi 3
1 Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran.
2 Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Research, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Shahrekord, Iran.
3 National Research Center for Saltwater Aquatics, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Bafq, Iran.
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the appropriate level of bile acids in the diet of Western whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for 56 days in 5 treatments with 3 replications each. In each replication, 20 Western whiteleg shrimp with an average weight of 6±1 g was randomly stocked. The treatments were: diet without bile acid supplementation (control treatment), diet containing 6 mg/kg of bile acid (treatment 1), diet containing 2 mg/kg of bile acid (treatment 2), diet containing 1 mg/kg of bile acid (treatment 3), and diet containing 4 mg/kg of bile acid (treatment 4). At the end of the experimental period, some growth, survival, and digestive enzyme indices were measured. Based on the results obtained, the highest average weight was in the treatment containing 2 mg and the highest survival rate was in treatments B, C and E with an average of 88.33% and the lowest was in treatment A with an average of 75%. There was no statistically significant difference between the different treatments with treatment A (P>0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference between the FCR, SGR, WG and ADG factors of the different treatments (P<0.05). In the treatments that were fed with food containing bile acid, they had a greater weight gain between 2.6 and 5.9 percent compared to the control. In the study of digestive enzymes of the different treatments, it was observed that the higher the amount of bile acid, the higher the activity of digestive enzymes, but the amount of total protein decreased with increasing bile acid. The activity of α-amylase, protease, lipase and total protein enzymes showed a significant difference between treatment A and the control treatment (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that doses of 4 and 6 mg/kg of feed cause tissue damage and severe hepatopancreas necrosis, while doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg of feed can improve the nutritional status of western white shrimp without any tissue damage and have positive effects on growth and survival parameters, in which case a dose of 2 mg/kg of feed is introduced as the optimal dose.
Keywords
Bile acids
Growth
Feed conversion ratio
Survival
Digestive enzymes
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Aquaculture Sciences
Volume 13, Issue 1
May 2025
Pages 138-149